Based on the precipitation data from automatic stations, radar echoes products, and satellite cloud images in western Inner Mongolia, a total of 49 precipitation processes in 2017 and 2018 were selected. The macro characteristics of precipitation clouds, no precipitation clouds and approaching precipitation clouds in the study region were analyzed by using the Lband sounding data, FY2 satellite inversion products and precipitation data. More than 80% samples statistical results showed that the base altitude, top altitude and cloud layer thickness of precipitation clouds were less than or equal to 3.0 km, higher than or equal to 8.0 km and higher than or equal to 6.0 km, respectively. The number of cloud interlayer was less than or equal to 2 and the thickness of cloud interlayer was less than or equal to 0.6 km, the cloud interlayer distributed sparsely. The cloud optical thickness and liquid water path had certain advantages as an index and criterion for precipitation clouds. Nearly 70% of the samples indicated that the optical thickness and the liquid water path of precipitation clouds were higher than or equal to 20 and 100 g·m-2, respectively. The general intensity precipitation was more likely to occur in areas with higher optical thickness, higher liquid water content, or optical thickness was higher than or equal to 55 and liquid water path was less than or equal to 500 g·m-2.

The yearly and seasonal flood and drought status in Rizhao were analyzed based on p recip itation anomalous percentage and Z- index. The results show that p recip itation anomalous percentage reflect the flood or drought degree more lighter, and Z - index canbe more accurate. In this paper the Z - index was used to analyze the flood and drought status from 1955 to 2005 and found that in the 1960 s and 1970 s itwas a flood period and in the 1980 s and 1990 s itwas a drought period in Rizhao, and generally the drought events occuerred more frequently than the flood.．